Ultrasonic sensor for imaging measurement techniques

Generally, are many methods for imaging measurement techniques, traditional and modern method and still have pros and cons between these two ways. Basically, the traditional techniques method is reported does not fully meet the specification of modern industry nowadays. Traditional method mainly includes electromagnetic detection, eddy current testing and etc. Differ with the modern method which is using the ultrasonic for imaging techniques and involving the laser ultrasonic, ultrasonic velocity, real time ultrasonic and off axis propagation of ultrasonic which be define the modern method is widely used industry to improve from the traditional method. Rumoured has been widely separate that modern techniques of imaging measurement are gaining popularity from every industry such as in medical instrument, construction instrument, synthetic aperture and holographic imaging measurement. Modern industry has proposed various method in using the ultrasonic in order to improve the quality of work in industry. Several advantages have been discovered while using the ultrasonic industry such as in mediation which is ultrasonic is used to improve the imaging in human soft tissue, meanwhile in construction ultrasonic giving an advantage in defect detection in specific information such as the location on defection and the size of defection. Besides that, in real time ultrasonic imaging is giving an advantage in focusing for multi-layered objects with synthetic aperture and lastly ultrasonic also give an advantage in guided wave in thin orthotropic layers which is its been use for dynamic holographic imaging measurement

Study and design of an ultrasonic flow tomographic front-end multi level measurement system

With the rapid evolution of electro-acoustical technology, ultrasonic tomography has made considerable progress in industry. An ultrasonic tomography system provides non-invasive and non-intrusive flow visualisation that enhances the understanding of fluid flow processes. The function of ultrasonic tomography is to continuously monitor the dynamics of liquid flow without interrupting the flow. The ultrasonic tomography technique is fully supported by a front-end hardware system. The front end is defined as all the hardware circuitries, including the ultrasonic transducer up to the Analogue-to-Digital Convertors (ADCs), even though the primary focus is the analogue signal processing components. We present here the challenges and trade-offs in the implementation of a front-end system by first explaining the basic operation of such a system, and then indicating what particular performance parameters are needed to ensure optimal system operation. Based on the results from our research studies, we propose an improved front-end multi-level solution that is more accurate than previous solutions and provides real-time measurement capability

Hardware development of electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) system with capacitance sensor for liquid measurements

Electrical capacitance tomography system is useful for obtaining information about the spatial distribution of a mixture of dielectric materials inside a vessel. This research aims to obtain real-time monitoring on the composition for liquid mixture in conveying pipeline. ECT is a non-invasive, non-intrusive and non-destructive technique that can measure the flow level inside a pipeline. In order to increase the image resolution and accuracy of current tomography research, a study on 16 electrodes sensor ECT system has been developed. The developed system has the flexibility to be assembled and moved from a pipeline to another. The intelligent on-board flexibility and mobility sensor technique is a new technique for ECT system. The system can be assembled in different diameter sizes of pipeline, and numbers of electrodes sensor can be reduced accordingly depending on the pipeline sizes without the need to redesign the electrodes sensor. The new design is equipped with high speed data processing rate data acquisition system and high speed data reconstruction. A microcontroller that support full-speed USB data transfer rate has been designed as the centralization control unit. In order to improve data result, iterative algorithm has been implemented in this system in order to obtain a precise image of the flow in the pipeline. As a result, the ECT system is able to reconstruct various multiphase flow image

Simulation studies of waves transmission in a steel-vessel ultrasonic tomography system

This paper addresses a specific form of inspection, that of ultrasonic wave propagation in the ultrasonic tomographic imaging system. From the sensing configuration standpoint, ultrasound wave simulation is an important imaging process. From the simulation results, ultrasonic sensors with suitable centre frequency can be mounted spherically on a sealed vessel, facilitating the local pitch-catch measurements of the fan-beam sensor configuration to reconstruct the ultrasound image as a fluid flow diagnostic tool. Two basic quantities are measured in ultrasonic flow systems: time-of-flight or the amount of time for the sound to travel through the sample, and the amplitude of the received signal. We used the acoustics pressure model in COMSOL version 4.2a to predict the propagation of acoustic waves through three-phase structures and bubbly flow. Our overall goal is to enable structurally specific inspection tasks to be optimized, taking into account both the physical aspects of the ultrasound propagation and the dynamic capabilities and restrictions of the vessel platform

Image reconstruction of metal pipe in electrical resistance tomography

This paper demonstrates a Linear Back Projection (LBP) algorithm based on the reconstruction of conductivity distributions to identify different sizes and locations of bubble phantoms in a metal pipe. Both forward and inverse problems are discussed. Reconstructed images of the phantoms under test conditions are presented. From the results, it was justified that the sensitivity maps of the conducting boundary strategy can be applied successfully in identifying the location for the phantom of interest using LBP algorithm. Additionally, the number and spatial distribution of the bubble phantoms can be clearly distinguished at any location in the pipeline. It was also shown that the reconstructed images agree well with the bubble phantoms

Ethernet Based Optical Tomography System

Optical Tomography Is One Of The Methods Of Process Tomography, Which Is Less Expensive, Has A Better Dynamic Response And Is More Portable For Routine Use In Process Plant Than Other Radiation-Based Tomographic Methods. The Main Objective Of This Research Is To Optimize The Performance Of The Optical Sensors By Increasing The Data Transfer Rate From Hardware To Personal Computer

Initial result on low cost microprocessor and ethernet controller based data acquisition system for optical tomography system

Due to high cost of data acquisition card in the market, this research concentrates on developing a high speed, low cost microprocessor and Ethernet controller based data acquisition for optical tomography system. Microprocessor is the main core to control the sensor circuitry while the Ethernet controller has the responsibility of transmitting data to PC and thus insuring the reliability of data. The data transfer rate will be up to Megabit per second (Mbps). In this optical tomography system, a projection geometry combining two orthogonal and two rectilinear in one layer is modeled